Ukumelana nokubola kweHastelloy

I-Hastelloy yi-alloy ye-Ni-Mo enomxholo ophantsi kakhulu wekhabhoni kunye ne-silicon, enciphisa imvula ye-carbides kunye nezinye izigaba kwi-weld kunye neendawo ezichatshazelwe ngubushushu, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukuwelda okulungileyo nakwimeko edibeneyo. Ukumelana nokubola. Njengoko sonke sisazi, i-Hastelloy inokumelana ne-corrosion egqwesileyo kwiimidiya ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa, kwaye inokumelana nokubola kwe-hydrochloric acid kulo naliphi na iqondo lokushisa kunye naluphi na ugxininiso phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo. Inokumelana ne-corrosion egqwesileyo kwi-medium-concentration non-oxidizing sulfuric acid, imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ye-asidi ye-phosphoric, i-acetic yobushushu obuphezulu, i-formic acid kunye nezinye i-organic acids, i-bromic acid kunye negesi ye-hydrogen chloride. Kwangaxeshanye, iphinde ixhathise ukubola yi-halogen catalysts. Ngoko ke, i-Hastelloy idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zepetroleum kunye neekhemikhali, ezifana ne-distillation kunye ne-concentration ye-hydrochloric acid; i-alkylation ye-ethylbenzene kunye ne-low-pressure carbonylation ye-acetic acid kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa. Nangona kunjalo, ifunyenwe kwisicelo semizi-mveliso yeHastelloy iminyaka emininzi:

(1) Kukho imimandla emibini ye-sensitization kwi-alloy ye-Hastelloy enempembelelo enkulu ekuchaseni ukubola kwe-intergranular: indawo yokushisa ephezulu ye-1200 ~ 1300 ° C kunye nommandla wokushisa ophakathi kwe-550 ~ 900 ° C;

(2) Ngenxa yokwahlulwa kwe-dendrite yentsimbi ye-weld kunye nommandla ochaphazeleke bubushushu be-alloy ye-Hastelloy, izigaba ze-intermetallic kunye ne-carbides zihamba kunye nemida yeenkozo, zibenza zibe novelwano ngakumbi kwi-corrosion ye-intergranular;

(3) I-Hastelloy inozinzo olubi lwe-thermal kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi. Xa umxholo wensimbi kwi-alloy ye-Hastelloy iwela ngaphantsi kwe-2%, i-alloy ivakalelwa ukuguqulwa kwesigaba se-β (oko kukuthi, isigaba se-Ni4Mo, i-compound intermetallic eyaliweyo). Xa i-alloy ihlala kuluhlu lweqondo lokushisa lwe-650 ~ 750℃ ixesha elide, isigaba se-β senziwe ngoko nangoko. Ubukho besigaba se-β kunciphisa ukuqina kwe-Hastelloy alloy, okwenza kube buthathaka kwi-corrosion yoxinzelelo, kwaye kubangele i-Hastelloy alloy Unyango olushushu olupheleleyo) kunye nezixhobo ze-Hastelloy eziqhekeka kwindawo yenkonzo. Okwangoku, iindlela zovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokuxhathisa i-intergranular corrosion ye-Hastelloy alloys etyunjwe lilizwe lam kunye namanye amazwe ehlabathi yindlela eqhelekileyo yokubilisa i-hydrochloric acid, kwaye indlela yovavanyo yindlela yokuncipha kobunzima. Kuba iHastelloy iyingxubevange exhathisayo kwi-hydrochloric acid corrosion, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokubilisa i-hydrochloric acid indlela ayinaluvelwano ukuvavanya i-intergranular corrosion tyency ye-Hastelloy. Amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi lwasekhaya asebenzisa indlela yobushushu obuphezulu be-hydrochloric acid yokufunda ingxubevange ye-Hastelloy kwaye yafumanisa ukuba ukuxhathisa umhlwa kwe-Hastelloy alloys ayixhomekanga kuphela kubume bayo beekhemikhali, kodwa nakwinkqubo yokulawula ukusetyenzwa kwe-thermal. Xa inkqubo yokucubungula i-thermal ilawulwa ngokungafanelekanga, kungekhona nje kuphela i-crystal grains ye-Hastelloy alloys ekhulayo, kodwa kunye nesigaba se-σ kunye ne-Mo ephezulu iya kuchithwa phakathi kweenkozo. , Umda wengqolowa etching ubunzulu bepleyiti ecolekileyo kunye nepleyiti eqhelekileyo imalunga nokuphindwe kabini.